Table of Contents
Introduction
The microscope remains defined as the device used to see small objects that are not seen with the naked eye and has several types, including optical, electronic, superscope, and others.
It should remain noted that the kind of microscope depends on its purpose and the degree of clarity required by users. Whether researchers or students and the price of it ranges from tens to thousands of dollars. Here are the most prominent types of microscopes and their uses.
The simple microscope was the oldest microscope ever invented in the 17th century by Anthony van levenhoek.
He attached a convex lens to a holder while studying some samples. It is worth mentioning that a simple microscope can enlarge the image up to 200-300 times its original size. Although simple, it was sufficient for levinhawk’s needs, including his study of the difference between the forms of red blood cells. However, the use of a simple microscope is limited today due to the addition of another magnifying glass to increase its efficiency.
Types of Microscopes
Composite optical Microscope
A compound optical microscope is one of the most common microscopes today, consisting of several parts, each with a specific function. Consisting of a lens or camera separated by a medium that allows for a magnifying glass.
Unlike a simple microscope based on sunlight, the compound microscope depends on industrial lighting so that the user can see the samples through it. However, it should remain noted that composite microscopes are very useful. As they have contributed to the development of many areas such as technology, scientific research, education, etc., and the characteristics of composite microscopy:
Zoom: Zooms in on magnifying lenses. Starts at 40 times the actual size and can be up to 400-1,000 times larger. The clarity indicates how good it is to take a photo with a composite microscope lens. As the transparent image contains more detail.
Contrast: The contrast remains the ratio between background darkness to the sample. And excellent contrast can stay obtained by coloring the model to appear colored when using a microscope.
Anatomical Microscope
An anatomical or stereoscopic microscope consists of several parts, the most important of which is a pair of microscopes installs next to each other with a slight difference in the optical axis angle between them.
The sample appears separately in each eye. Maintaining the stereoscopic effect. And can be further amplified by the appropriate and correct choices during the design of it.
It should remain noted that the strength of the magnification of these microscopes may range from 5-250 times the actual size. And anatomical microscopes play a significant role in the control and modification of small-scale devices and tools. They are commonly cast-off in medical laboratories, microscopic surgeries and electronic industries that require technicians to weld correct parts of circuits.
Focus Microscope
The focal microscope relies on laser light to scan samples. The samples remain processed on unique slides, then scanned with the help of a bicolor mirror inside it. The image comes out on the computer screen attached to it.
And a 3d image of the sample can remain obtained through several swabs. It should remain noted that these microscopes provide a wide range of magnification and a higher degree of clarity than other microscopes. Making them frequently used in cell biology and precision medical applications.
Electron Microscope Scanner
The electron microscope remains based on electrons in magnification rather than light. This type of it development began in the early 1950s and remained indicated to play a significant role in samples’ formal and topographic anatomy.
It means studying the structure and physical characteristics of the sample under a high degree of magnification, based on secondary and bounced electronic signals. And has an essential role in medical sciences and material research. In assessing the length of nanowires. The characteristics of the scanner electron microscope include the possibility of scanning several samples simultaneously.
A higher degree of clarity than other light-based microscopes. High control due to the use of electric magnets instead of lenses. Output images with high resolution and clarity.
Powerful Electron Microscope
The powerful electron microscope uses a bundle of electrons to illustrate samples and produce high-resolution 2d images. The electronic microscopes in force have a magnification range of up to 2 million times the actual sample size. They remain widely used in medicine, biology, minerals, nanotechnology, forensics, and other research areas.